Chapter One of the Red Witch Tradition
The Red Witch Tradition
Silverstar Red Crow © 1998/2007


Nature-based, Goddess-centered religion has existed on this Earth for at least 35,000 years. From the outback of Australia to the rocky coasts of Ireland, women and men have been praying to the spirit of Gaia for countless generations, leaving their token gifts to be uncovered by modern day archeologists. Whether She is Maiden, Mother or Crone, White Buffalo Woman or Demeter, She is the embodiment of the Great Goddess, the Creatrix of Life.
As a people, the followers of the Goddess have survived countless Holocausts, from ancient Crete and the Inquisition of Christian Europe to the woodland nations of mound builders of the Southeastern United States. Though persecution still persists in some regions of the world, some not as far away as one might think, faith in beauty and love of Nature grow stronger day by day. Many ancient traditions and belief structures have been lost, but even so, just as the Earth is filled with many varied kinds of terrain, the Nature People are coming together and forming new traditions from every imaginable place on the planet. Some Nature People are European-based, some are American Indian-based striving to recapture religion before the influence of male-dominated Christianity, others are African, or Asian, and the list goes on. Indigenous people from around the planet are tapping into their heritage and rediscovering their eternal spiritual links with this planet.
Adulation of the pure of spirit and of blood has become fashionable of late, which has resulted in the view that a blending of heritage and belief structure is corrupt. According to this standard, admirable is the full-blooded tribal person, whether from the South Pacific, Scandinavia, Ireland, Africa or from the Great Plains of North America. But, who is full-blooded anything? The inhabitants of Earth are survivors of Nature, we are blended of differing gene pools and geographical locations. If we become too conscientious about purity, are we not turning our backs on the very Mother who created us and the complex system of natural survival? Being “pure” does not entitle us to the keys of any heavenly kingdom or universal language.
Perhaps a different approach to creating tradition is found in the Mother, Herself. All land vibrates, breathes to different rhythms depending on altitude, climate and what has physically happened there, whether by Nature or by human hand. Every country is unique, a separate limb on a great tree. The people who live on the planet, separate with differences of skin color and body shape, create the need to diversify language and art. There are similarities, too, especially in the color of human blood. Whether one is from Scandinavian ancestry living in a remote area of Montana, or from West African ancestry living in Chicago, red blood courses through our veins. Is it any wonder that red is a universally sacred color? We find our differences through our blood, but also our similarities; we are all linked and no particular group of people owns the right to call any one symbol or deity solely their own.
Since we are all linked in one fashion or another, why do we find the need to be different from one another? Humans, whether tribal or modern, are stubborn and in most societies fight for the right to be free, to have personal choice. Add to this the fact that we are profoundly influenced by our environments, by the changes of Nature and by the opinions of others. Consequently, we have the need to individuate. That’s why, for instance, Christians are not happy simply worshipping “Christ” as one body, but have the need to worship the same being in different ways, some as Methodists, others as Catholics, with new denominations forming all the time. The same can be said for Pagan people.
Therefore, it seems that the first step in creating a new Earth-based tradition of worship and way of life is to commune with the land where you live, the country in which you live. The United States of America is a remarkable country. Admittedly, it has its faults and deplorable parts in its history, but it has also been the recipient of people from every part of the planet. At its core, its indigenous people are Nature-based and they revere the Earth as Divine Mother. Though often called “Red People”, their skins are actually all the colors of the rainbow. We in the United States have a shared language, English. Speaking the English language, which is the source of our expression as a people, has provided many customs and beliefs that are peculiar to the British Isles and to Europe. Though the Europeans fought to subdue the Red People for many centuries, over time, the bloods mixed through assimilation and natural survival. Whether we choose to like this reality or not, one thing has become true: in North America Nature People of the world have become one!
On this premise, through a blending of American Indian and European tribal spirituality, Ceremonial Magick and Eastern Mysticism, a new tradition has been born: the Red Witch Tradition.

REVERENCE FOR THE GREAT GODDESS

Calling oneself “Pagan” is not enough in modern society. In ancient Greece, the word Pagan meant innocent, from the land. Later, before the rise of Christendom, Pagan implied belonging to no one, or a free spirit. By the Middle Ages, Pagan began to imply a worshiper and doer of evil. Today, it hints of nature cults and Witchcraft. When I refer to Pagan, I suggest a seeker of divine inner strength, a person who directly works in symmetry with the cycles of the Natural World and is committed to the stewardship of the planet. From this close relationship with the Earth, comes a knowing of the Divine Feminine, the powers of birth, growth, death and rebirth, the Great Goddess.
When Witchcraft ceased being a crime in England in the 1950’s, a religious movement was reborn, complete with Lords and Ladies, rank, status, tools and ritual. There was much talk of the Old Gods and the Great Horned God of the Witches (the Old God of the Hunt and Master of the Animal Kingdom; Cernunnos, Herne), but not a lot was said of the many faces of the Great Goddess. By the 1970’s, a backlash started. Feminists from varied backgrounds surfaced and their voices cried out for the recognition of the Goddess. At long last, the Divine Feminine was not only reclaimed, but was given a voice.
As society moans the birthing pains of change eternal, I feel it is time for Pagan people, women and men, to embrace the Great Goddess as friend, lover, mother and grandmother, the holder of wisdom.

THE GODDESS AND THE GOD
We live on a planet that is made up of dualities: female and male, black and white, receptive and assertive. Because of this polarity, we, as humans, often have a difficult time grasping the concept of the Unity, the concept of The One. Consequently, a natural division has occurred in how we perceive The Divine, resulting in the designations of the Goddess and the God. In Red Witch terms, there is a natural equality between Goddess and God. We do refer to the Goddess first since men are born of women, a natural fact and honor shared by an entire planet. From this we can visualize the ultimate Triad: a triangle with the single point facing to the sky and symbolizing The Divine; with the two divisions of the left and the right point. The left point represents the Goddess and the right point represents the God. It is my challenge to each woman and man who reads this information to respect The Triad and to accept that the Divine Feminine and the Divine Masculine lives within us all and deserves equal and unfaltering respect.
THE SEARCH FOR THE DIVINE
Whether we refer to the Divine as: Great Spirit, Creator, Goddess, God, Sky Father, Queen of Heaven, Mother Earth, Great Mother or Sun King, we are speaking of the same energy, The One. This One is gender-complete and for the sake of consistency, I will refer to this energy as The Divine. I will quote from time to time other scholars who may refer to this energy by other names. I do not mean to be confusing nor do I desire to start an endless debate about Divine definitives. I do wish, however, that my words be clear and if they do cause internal debate within the initiate, all the better. The process of self-discovery is an all-encompassing one, meant to shake us from our core.
THE BLENDING OF TRIBAL TRADITIONS
When I refer to blending I do not mean to imply the process of homogenization or total assimilation. The Red Witch Tradition attempts to combine many customs peculiar to tribal peoples, regardless of the continent of origin. For example, the custom of censing , which found its way to Europe through the Middle East and Asia, is similar to smudging , which is American Indian. Depending on what is being burned, censing can combine with smudging or they can stay separate acts. But both terms are honored and used, depending on the need. For purists, this approach to religious worship is offensive. For me, it is as natural as night and day and as satisfying as beautiful weather. But it is important to honor the origin and reason why a particular practice is unique. When homogenizing something, the power of the original ingredients become lost and sometimes unimportant, like mixing red and white paint. The white is lost and so is the red; a separate color pink is created, but at what price?
I have been approached by people of both American Indian and European descent, at different times, and have been told that I have little or no right to practice a religion that is blended from different origins. Some people have told me that I have no birthright, I can not claim ancestry to either parent since I am a mix of bloods. Does this mean that I am a non-person, with no right to exist at all, which has been suggested by some? In return, I answer that all peoples are honored and respected if the old ways are not lost or abandoned. Have I the right to tell people of European ancestry that they have no right taking part in American Indian ceremony because they lack blood? Or do I have the right to say to Indian people that they have no right in calling themselves Witches or practicing the Holy Days of Europeans? As long as people honor the source and power of what they practice without intentionally harming any living thing in the process, no one has the right to pass judgement of this kind.
I refer to “tribal” as a group of people gathered together because of varied circumstances for the purpose of survival. Tribal is not an obsolete term and it can be used to describe some modern people. In many areas of the world, large groups that share common race, nationality or religion band together to ease the work of individuals, while making the continuation of the whole possible through the combined wealth and effort of all individuals involved. In the United States, housing projects of the eastern cities, agricultural towns of the Midwest, Indian reservations from coast to coast, could all be described as tribal in practice and sentiment, all different but all sharing common experiences. To live tribally means to be willing to share resources, whether they are physical, emotional or spiritual.
The ancient feudal system of Europe, tribal by some standards, was wrought with problems and a low standard of living. But, upon reflection, it was rich with unity of spirit, because each person needed one’s neighbor to survive. The entire group ate if the community came together to harvest the crops and to hunt; if one starved, most starved. If one died of disease, most died with the same malady, all benefited and all lost depending on the efforts of the whole. Not until the feudal system started to break down in the late Middle Ages, was the Inquisition of the Church of Rome a success. By and large, the Church targeted individuals rather than whole segments of population. It was easy to isolate individuals who did not conform to the status quo and persecute them in order to rob their property and shame their names. The Witches that were persecuted were mostly Solitary Practitioners. They were valuable to have in communities for they were the midwives and herbalists and practiced general forms of medicine, which contributed greatly to the value of life. But for the Church, they represented the power of the individual: wealth, health and freedom. This was trouble for the Church and since these people were Solitaries, their threats of fighting back with force were mute. In a truly tribal community, there would have been force and promised safety to protect them. Without a consolidated front, they perished.
The Red Witch Tradition was established to help preserve tribalism in its most basic form—to give pride, protection and a sense of community to nature-based Goddess-centered religion. Knowledge of fellowship grows within individual hearts, eventually spilling into the society at large. With a sense of kinship, grow feelings of safety and the knowledge of longevity. If you want to change the world, begin with your own heart. As the individual grows in strength, so does the family, the circle, and the tribe. If you refuse to be victimized by tyranny and are willing to stand strong with other like-minded people, positive change can result. Hopefully by restoring a sense of tribalism, a heightened return to social responsibility can take place and future Burning Times can be avoided.
PRACTICKAL MAGICK

Magick is the practice of living life in harmony with the Natural World. The existence of Magick is not meant to mold other people, animals or elements to one’s bidding. It is meant as a tool to understand the workings of the Life-Cycle and to make humans aware of the interconnectiveness and the fragility of all life forms. Knowing the unique qualities of individual species makes us stronger as stewards and more aware as emotional and spiritual beings. Feeling our connectiveness gives us the rare opportunity to see life from new and different perspectives and allows humans the freedom of spiritual travel.
Practical Magick is the ability to look at all action, regardless of how mundane, as the power to transform life. Every action has a reaction. Humans do not live in a world without consequence; what is sent out responds and comes back with greater force. If we rise from our beds with purity of intent and are determined to make each day more productive, on some level, than the day before, without disrupting the natural flow of life around us; that is Practickal Magick. Simple, direct and difficult, but endlessly rewarding!
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE GIVE-AWAY

The ancient tribal practice of the Give-Away is shared by many diverse groups and adapted by countless more. It has many levels, discarding superfluous material possessions in order to clear one’s mind and soul, to honor important people with material goods, to mark a Rite of Passage , to end a period of mourning or to begin the first steps of a new journey.
Tribes of the Northwest United States celebrated the Potlatch. Once a year, warring tribes gathered together in neutral territory, or tribes took turns hosting the Potlatch. Arms were laid to rest; communal food stores were opened and then prepared together and feasted upon by all. The feasting, storytelling and exchanging of young people for spouses went on for sometimes days. The great coming together climaxed with a Give-Away ceremony. Usually the person in charge, the superior leader or Medicine Person , led the ritual. Confiscated booty from raiding parties, slaves, dried meats and fish, preserved berries, furs and hides, cedar clothing, spiritual tools and decorative jewelry were given to deserving warriors and people of honor. It was thought to level the playing field and serve as an equalization of power.
When a young woman, belonging to a tribe of the Great Plains of the United States, of marrying age chose a husband and her choice was accepted by her family, her would-be groom would then hold a Give-Away in the bride’s honor. The young man would give the bride’s family livestock for their agreement, while his family would receive tools or hides in thanks for his life and productivity. Sometimes the young man would enter the bride’s family with no material wealth left, symbolizing his journey into another family. All of their future children would then belong to the bride’s clan, rather than the groom’s.
The Give-Away is continued today, sometimes costing thousands of dollars and taking months of preparation. It is common for gifts of honor to include woolen blankets, Tobacco and the other Sacred Herbs, jewelry, spiritual tools and common household items. All Give-Away items are meant to ease the burden of others. To be an instrument of a person’s comfort is a satisfying experience that rivals many other good deeds in emotional gratification.
To mark soul journeys with this kind of ritual is an important step toward honoring our tribal past, regardless where your particular people are from. It honors our ancestors as well as the Old Gods and it helps us as seekers on a rocky path to clear the way for new gifts of knowledge and insight. Many modern people do not understand this ritual. Gift giving is relegated to a particular holiday like Yule or Christmas, birthdays and graduations. To strip oneself of material goods, from a modern sociological perspective, does not empower; it even seems to constrict. It might seem to some as “monkish”, used like a tool of sacrifice. But to give a portion of material wealth away can liberate the soul as well as the body—freeing the self to experience new growth.
In Feng Shui, the Chinese art of placement, it is said that if you hold onto possessions that you do not love, they will simply hold onto you, causing stagnation and disruption of growth. Giving away your living room furniture to a worthy recipient, in order to make room for furniture that is more attractive and comfortable, is no less worthy a gift than a special woolen blanket; it is a stripping away, an environmental cleansing that resonates with gratification. The Give-Away does not have to be a painful process. It is meant to enhance individual spirituality by coming to terms with your definition of what is worthy, special and comforting. It can be a powerful tool of self-discovery.

THE IMPORTANCE OF PERSONAL INVENTORY

To change one’s destiny depends on oneself. No one knows you better than you, regardless of how long you have been hiding from yourself. I am immediately turned-off when an authority figure tells me “you mean this, when you say” or “I know you better than you know yourself”. That is my cue for leaving the vicinity.
When a life-changing journey begins, one is confronted with the innate shortcomings and strengths that make up the sum of the self. Sometimes the confrontation itself is particularly uncomfortable, especially if there is a history of abuse or addiction. It is important, particularly if the seeker is alone, to reinforce or construct a new support network. This support network is not designed to whine to or to be used as a crutch, but to enhance the positive qualities of the searcher so that a reasonable modicum of self-esteem can be maintained. It is not necessary to find a kindred soul to share the search. For some, this actually hampers the search because two wounded people can feed off one another causing unusual amounts of fear to grow needlessly. Just make sure that there is at least one person that can be counted on to share a smile or hug, when necessary.
It is good to begin a journey with as little baggage as possible, but to be entirely stripped clean, is to imply being too raw. Too raw can mean wounded. To be wounded can mean that the self is too weak to make the proper sacrifices or decisions to proceed in a progressive fashion. Sometimes, an individual becomes so accustomed to scars, which once held progress at bay, now justifies negative behavior patterns. The wounded person becomes powerful in the dis-ease of life, and wants no part of the healing process.
Desperation is not the ally of Witchcraft. Beginning the path of a Witch takes unusual amounts of pride in one’s own abilities and willingness to face phobias with gusto. This tenaciousness is not earned overnight, and sometimes needs to be inherent. There must be an underlying desire to stretch boundaries, to succeed beyond present comprehension. Am I describing a thrill seeking daredevil, or a novitiate Witch with an attitude; what a combination, someone who knows that there will never be an end to this quest for enlightenment and is not afraid of infinity. Yes, that means that everyone, regardless of knowledge base, age or experience, makes mistakes from time to time. There is no end to looking inside for guidance and strength. Being a good Witch takes the ability to fail and the strength to admit that it was because of human error. This increases our abilities to be empathic, sensuous and powerful, human traits that are Divine by nature.
If you are a stranger to personal record keeping, like dream or goal journalling, but are accustomed to that little voice that keeps your behavior in check, you are well on your way to good personal inventory. I have always found strong friends in colorful spiral bound notebooks, coupled with quiet rooms with wide windows. These life-long friends have proved to be indispensable tools for personal change. To know one’s dreams and desires, pitfalls and fears are to know how we work, what needs to be changed and what our destiny holds.

FACING ADDICTIVE BEHAVIOR

An integral part of the Red Witch Tradition is being Clean and Sober. This implies being drug and alcohol free, but means so much more. If you are saying to yourself: “I don’t have a problem with drugs or alcohol, I don’t even smoke cigarettes or drink coffee. Obviously, I’m off the hook.” Take a deep breath and really look inside. Do I set myself up to fail on a regular basis, at home, work or play? Am I a workaholic? Do I neglect my personal emotional needs, over those of my family’s? Am I gregarious and friendly until people get too close, then shut them out? Do I hide from the world because I feel threatened or angry because of received abuse in the past? Do I pick the right lovers that appreciate the real essence that is me? Does my life partner have problems with substance abuse? Do I have an uncontrollable need to help the underdog? Now, do you still feel that you are off the hook?
I am not a pop-psychologist or a member of Alcoholics Anonymous. But I am dedicated to a Magickal Lifestyle, which is rich in communication with the Spirit World. This kind of life is powerful and wondrous, but the balance that is needed to maintain trust, security and honesty is fragile. I am aware of the deep colors of sunset and excited by the majesty of The Moon, but this relationship with the Natural World takes a clear mind. If you are hearing voices, you had better know where they are coming from…at least a general idea. This can be a scary place. The dark recess of the subconscious mind is not a playground that is often visited with eyes that are awake. Addiction gets in the way. Simple, direct and without compromise, addictive behavior hampers the free flowing work of the emotions, clouds the logical abilities of the mind, blocks imagination and wounds the soul. Added together, this cycle of negative energy stops personal fulfillment and impedes progress of any kind.
I am not saying that any one that desires to enter the Magickal World needs to immediately throw down all addictive personality traits and come to the practice of Witchcraft a totally clear and unhampered person. It sounds great, but where is reality in this mix? Overcoming stumbling blocks is a continuous process and part of the endless journey that is life. There are no easy answers and certainly no instant remedies that I know of. The first step is to recognize that we are not perfect, that we do not need to be, but that awareness of what gets in our way is necessary to continue on this particular path of self-healing.
To take an active role in the process of healing our wounded spirits, we must put ourselves in a position of responsibility. Being a victim is fashionable, but whining is not and in my opinion, neither behavior is acceptable when entering a world filled with no absolutes. To walk into a mystical life with eyes open, free to choose direction and secure in one’s faith that no one is ever really alone, taking full responsibility for actions taken and thoughts shared is essential!
13 PRINCIPLES OF BELIEF
Entering a Witch’s life, even if it is done without the support of a mentor, group or Coven, is a weighty decision. The reality that an individual is never totally alone becomes part of the belief structure. Earlier in this chapter I spoke of the herstory of Goddess-based religion as being 35,000 years old. Through the ages, countless followers of the Great Goddess have lived, worked and practiced their religion on this planet. It is important to realize that when one becomes dedicated to this religion, one enters a family that is immense, with an incredible lineage. That herstory becomes the practitioner’s own.
Historically, because of superstition, bad press and disinformation, Witchcraft has acquired a poor reputation. Unskilled and naïve people are sometimes attracted to Witchcraft because of the bad reputation, linking worship of nature to demonology and reward through the oppression of others. This rise of fascination for the “darkside” inspired a group of Working Witches to compile this list. The following 13 points are the “Principles of Wiccan Belief”, written by the Council of American Witches in 1974. Please read every phrase slowly and carefully, contemplating each one with sincerity. The adherence of these 13 principles offers a solid foundation in which to build a good life as a Working Witch, regardless of tradition.
1) We practice rites to attune ourselves with the natural rhythm of life forces marked by the phases of The Moon and the seasonal quarters and cross-quarters.
2) We recognize that our intelligence gives us a unique responsibility toward our environment. We seek to live in harmony with Nature, in ecological balance offering fulfillment to life and consciousness within an evolutionary concept.
3) We acknowledge a depth of power far greater than is apparent to the average person. Because it is far greater than ordinary, it is sometimes called “supernatural”, but we see it as lying within that which is naturally potential to all.
4) We conceive of the Creative Power in the Universe as manifesting through polarity, as feminine and masculine, and that this same creative Power lives in all people, and functions through the interaction of the feminine and masculine. We value neither above the other, knowing each to be supportive of the other. We value sexuality as pleasure, as the symbol and embodiment of Life, and as one of the sources of energies used in magickal practice and religious worship.
5) We recognize both outer worlds and inner, or psychological worlds, sometimes known as the Spiritual World, the Collective Unconscious, the Inner Planes, etc. We see in the interaction of these two dimensions the basis for paranormal phenomena and magickal exercises. We neglect neither dimension for the other, seeing both as necessary for our fulfillment.
6) We do not recognize any authoritarian hierarchy, but do honor those who teach, respect those who share their greater knowledge and wisdom, and acknowledge those who have courageously given of themselves in leadership.
7) We see religion, magick, and wisdom-in-living as being united in the way one views the world and lives within it, a world view and philosophy of life, which we identify as Witchcraft or the Wiccan Way.
8) Calling one’s self “Witch” does not make a Witch, but neither does heredity itself, or the collecting of titles, degrees, and initiations. A Witch seeks to control the forces within her/himself that make life possible in order to live wisely and well, without harm to others, and in harmony with Nature.
9) We acknowledge that it is the affirmation and fulfillment of life, in a continuation of evolution and development of consciousness, that gives meaning to the Universe we know, and to our personal role within it.
10) Our only animosity toward Christianity, or toward any other religion or philosophy-of-life, is to the extent that its institutions have claimed to be “the one true right and only way” and have sought to deny freedom to others and to suppress other ways of religious practice and belief.
11) As American Witches, we are not threatened by debates on the history of the Craft, the origins of various terms, the legitimacy of various aspects of different traditions. We are concerned with our present, and our future.
12) We do not accept the concept of “absolute evil”, nor do we worship any entity known as “Satan” or the “Devil” as defined by Christian Tradition. We do not seek power through the suffering of others, nor do we accept the concept that personal benefits can only be derived by denial to another.
13) We work within Nature for that which is contributory to our health and well being.
TENETS OF THE RED WITCH TRADITION
In most belief structures, there are basic rules and laws that govern the people who follow them. The Red Witch Tradition is no exception. This book is designed to introduce people to a new system of behavior and thought process, without regard to initiation in the Craft or to earned Degrees from other traditions. Depending on personal background, education, talents and previous initiations, this tradition respects life experience and honors previously earned status from other traditions and work as Solitaries. If you have difficulty following rules and guidelines, perhaps this way of thinking is not for you. If you disagree with any tenets of this tradition, please search your soul before continuing on in this course study. Let conscience be your guide and honesty your judge.

Basic Tenets:
1. DO NO HARM! This is not as easy as one might think. Many what-ifs and relative choices are connected to it. In its essence, the tenet Do No Harm means to walk in balance with your environment. Naturally, if you or your family is threatened, you will have to call on your courage to defend your life and the lives of those who depend on you. This is not the way of an extreme pacifist. Every creature living on this planet has a divine spark within it and, consequently, a life’s purpose. This spark of divinity is not meant to be eradicated, but to honor life you must be willing to transform it! Life is sometimes a survival of the fittest and some life will be sacrificed in the process of living in Nature. Whether you are omnivore, carnivore or vegetarian, there is fulfilled sacrifice in order to feed your belly. Respect and honor are the keys: if you respect all life and its true divine nature, there is no crime in feeding yourself. It is a precarious balance of extremes. The Hopi people call it “The Gray River”, which simply means that there is no true black or white, negative or positive path, rather the blending of both is what makes a balanced journey possible. You are not meant to be a wimp, but nor are you meant to be a grand-stander. If in a sticky situation, do not put yourself, your loved ones or your faith in jeopardy. Though difficult, living your beliefs is as important as life itself.
2. THE LAW OF REINCARNATION. The understanding of this law lies in the realization that regardless of how complicated a life-form is, its divine spark is eternal. All life is bound by the process of evolution, an endless spiral of the Life-Cycle. We live to be born again, in as many forms as the imagination can lead us…with our deaths we feed the Earth and with our rebirths we feed the stars, all life is connected as one body. This philosophy is ultimately summarized in the greeting, “Merry Meet, Merry Part and Merry Meet Again!”
3. THE LAW OF KARMA. This law can be restated in the familiar phrase, “You reap what you sow.” Karma is the process of doing a deed and receiving the repercussions from it, either good or bane. No action is without reaction and reaction continues to grow on its own until it meets its owner once more. Consequently, we have “The Rede of Three” which says anything one puts out is received back 3-fold. I am not alone in believing that an extremely malevolent deed contains greater force, returning to the sender as much as 10-fold! Believing in Karma does not simply mean to watch what one sends out, but to be ever mindful of the effect that each of us has on our environment. Are we completely responsible for our thoughts and actions? Are we carrying our own fair share or are we causing someone else an unnecessary burden? This is not a Law for the Lazy…“Oh, I’ll catch them on the way back.” Remember that action has a cumulative effect and no action is more times than not, an action unto itself!
4. HONESTY. If you are honest with yourself, you will develop a need to be honest with the whole world around you. Honesty is the first step in creating discernment. You must be clear on all levels, free from the manipulation of substances and other people to be able to see a situation as it really is. Clarity will birth strength of conviction and the tools to implement it in all phases of your life. Once honesty has a foothold, trustworthiness will soon follow. Honesty-Discernment-Trustworthiness is the triad of the Working Witch. “In Perfect Love, In Perfect Trust” was the Witches’ Rede before the Burning Times. This Rede still exists today as a testament to the power of truth.
5. EQUALITY. In Christianity and many other mainstream religions on this planet, the Divine is prayed to or called on as “He”. In many Earth-Based religions, such as Wicca, the Divine is celebrated as a single force containing both Feminine and Masculine, with the Goddess mentioned first to honor Her powers of birthing. Other Earth-Based belief systems refer to the Divine as the creative masculine force of “Creator” or Grandfather. In the Red Witch Tradition, the Divine One is represented by both Goddess and God, feminine and masculine, equal and powerful in all ways. At times there may seem to be a preference for the Goddess, only because we live on Her element of Earth where She is Mother to all. We strive for the balance and equality of gender, race and class in mortal as well as divine life. No one is to be pitied, subjugated or slighted, and once freed from these obstacles, no person should force their will upon another through ownership, cunning, manipulation, lust, greed or arrogance.
6. HONORING THE OLD ONES. The title “Old Ones” refers to personal ancestors and to the Old Gods in existence prior to the Christian Era. Remember that the Christian Era didn’t exist for the American Indian of the Great Plains until the 1700’s, so this is a mutable time period. Cerridwen, Herne, Odin, Pan, Artemis, Selene, Hecate, Great Grandmother Wisdom Keepers, Buffalo Woman, Grandfather, Chango, Tara and all of our near and dear ancestors, named or not, who passed down the genes, and who help make us the searchers we are, all apply in this category. Whether we have had positive personal relationships, distant negative ones or no contact at all, does not diminish their power and effect on our lives. Even a strained link may offer answers to perplexing questions that have blocked present family relations. Until the situation has been investigated, keeping honor and reverence part of the dynamic, one cannot know its importance. This is why personal roots are vitally important to personal growth, knowing the power of your ancestors and the Old Ones who have directed their lives will help you to discover underlying powers that have controlled your life thus far.
7. HONORING YOUR ELDERS. The designation “Elder” refers to the older people of your personal family, people of life experience who have earned “Elder” status in Witchcraft traditions. Regardless of age, this includes people who have served you as mentors or teachers, and regarding age, this includes tribal people over the age of 55, and senior citizens of the world. In our modern disposable society, people of age and life experience are often not as revered as they should be. This must change so that we do not loose our sense of roots, balance and tradition and fall prey to revisionist history. Put these powerful people first on your list by offering them the first plate of food at a feast, or by handing them the first gift on Yule. And do not be surprised to be chosen as the special recipient of their secrets. This is a great honor, one that will serve every one in the community and will allow history to continue to unfold in a direct, not covert, manner.
8. PURITY OF INTENT. Considering that we are striving for balance in our lives, on all levels, purity of intent does not mean aiming for the most positive of intent. Rather, the meaning is that, before performing any action either magickal or mundane, we strive for the most beneficial outcome possible. Our striving is without hindering or manipulating anyone’s chosen destiny, whether they have chosen it consciously or not. We do not have the right to hold anyone back from discovering her or his true path, even if it seems destructive on the surface. We have no way of knowing a person’s karma or pre-incarnation choices. This does not mean that we do not lend a hand when needed. To be searching for the best possible outcome in any given situation means that we will serve the creatures and elements around us who obviously need help. For example, if you were to pass a burning house with someone inside screaming for help, then, of course, if there was a way in, you would try to rescue the person. The key here is that the individual was asking for your help, to which you responded quickly and without hesitation. People and creatures cry out for help in many ways. Purity of Intent is not limited to a cry for help, but one must not meddle in someone else’s affairs for “their own good”! This is a form of negative manipulation, not transformative power. Again, there are many gray areas here. Sometimes it is difficult to know when to act and when to stay still, this discernment comes with experience and is not learned quickly. I struggle with this every day of my life; trying to tell the difference between a call for help and my need to rescue someone. You must rely on your Higher Mind for guidance and be ever vigilant and willing to either step up to the plate, when your talents are needed for the good of family and community, or to step back when others need to act for themselves.
9. THE RESPECT AND ADHERENCE OF THE DEGREE SYSTEM OF THE RED WITCH TRADITION (outlined below).
Up to this point, we have looked at only the basics. However, points 1 and 8 in particular have revealed how complicated rules can be a reflection of life itself.

THE DEGREE SYSTEM OF THE RED WITCH TRADITION

Every religious sect has a system of dividing novices from initiates, practitioners from masters, students from teachers. This process of defining boundaries is not meant to slight the knowledge that is gathered through years of study and sacrifice, it is a way to celebrate the transformation of gathered knowledge into working wisdom. The five tiered Degree System of the Red Witch Tradition offers an outline for goals that is attainable and is fairly flexible, while retaining integrity and substance. This system is not meant to create “a caste system” of people who are not worthy of advancement and evolution. It offers possible empowerment through earned status.
This Degree System is meant to be used within a group dynamic. If you are a Solitary and decide to make this tradition yours, after you successfully complete “A Year and A Day” , you automatically become and stay a 1st Degree Witch. As a Solitary, you are a complete religious body and you are the Facilitator of your Circle only.
When I refer to a novitiate, I mean a person that has not yet dedicated oneself to the Craft. This usually refers to a probationary time period that ranges from three to six months, when a seeker is feeling out an individual path—before deciding to walk the road of the Witch. The garb of the novitiate is stark, unadorned black with no accent colors of any kind. I believe that particular symbols, like Pentacles, should not be worn during this time, because wearing a symbol implies that the wearer believes in what is behind that symbol and has allegiance to the belief system that it stands for. A novitiate should not bind one’s self to the tradition yet. It is inappropriate and puts too much demand on the person.
When I speak of an initiate, this describes a person newly dedicated to the Craft. As a part of the self-dedication process, the Craft Practitioner pledges A Year and A Day to the workings of the Great Goddess. A portion of this pledge includes an oath to worship each Esbat and Sabbat without missing either for the entire year.

1. THE CRAFT PRACTITIONER. Black Ceremonial Robes, accented with the colored sashes of the Sabbats. It has become fashion, in the last decade or so, to perform a Self-Dedication Ceremony only and after practicing independently for A Year and A Day, to call one’s self a Witch. I’m not condemning this practice, but I am saying by itself, it is lacking in roots, power and sometimes commitment. There is great power in a religion that is so ancient and has so many proven attributes. It is true that many of the old traditions have faded or disappeared, but the public oaths of truth, honesty, stewardship and family should never be taken lightly and without the sense of ultimate commitment. Be sure of what you are getting into and be prepared to join a universal working family, regardless if you remain alone or not.
For seekers looking for compatible groups or Covens to be a part of, teachers or mentors, once found, may insist that you work with them for a set time period before initiating you into the Craft. This probationary time works well in a group setting. The teacher and student get to know one another before they are bound to one another, ritually. A teacher will become forever a part of your personal Craft lineage, which is akin to a family tree. After you are initiated into the Craft, you become a link in a long chain, creating a traceable guide to your education and that of your teacher’s. When I initiate students into the Craft, my lineage becomes a part of theirs, for instance: I initiate Morgan Eagle who becomes Morgan Eagle of the Red Witch Tradition, Eldered by Silverstar Red Crow, Eldered by Sarah Noble Goodspeed Sortomme. As a part of your initiation and as a sign of your faith, you will be gifted a silver Pentacle, which will be worn every day for your first Year and A Day and will become the most important symbol for you during that period. It represents the power of the 5 senses we possess as humans, our need for LOVE, WISDOM, KNOWLEDGE, THE LAW AND POWER, our need to personalize and our need to experience life in many ways. This symbol links us to the 5 Elements of EARTH, AIR, FIRE, WATER and SPIRIT and teaches us to see the Divine in all life forms. The Pentacle is a sign of the Great Mother Goddess and the element of Earth. After a student has been initiated, the teacher is released from the responsibilities for the student’s personal growth, unless the student plans to become a part of the teacher’s tradition.
As an Initiate you will remain a Craft Practitioner for the minimum of A Year and A Day. You will be bound by the rules of TEACH NONE and WORK NO ACTS OF MAGICK FOR OTHERS FOR A YEAR AND A DAY. Ideally, you will complete the requirements of the course study with style and zeal, incorporating the knowledge presented by it into your everyday life. After all the requirements are met, the New Moon after the completion of A Year and A Day will be marked for your 1st Degree Initiation Ceremony.
2. 1ST DEGREE WITCH. White Ceremonial Robes, accented with the colored sashes of the Sabbats. By the 1st Degree Initiation, the Craft practitioner has earned the title of Witch and can now be solicited to perform acts of magick for others, while always remaining true to the basic tenets of the faith.
During this initiation ceremony, you as a 1st Degree will be gifted a long-handled Broom, which symbolizes your link with the God, the producer of vital energy and power. This Broom is the magickal tool to be used in creating all Circles in which you take part, at least as a Solitary, for the next Year and A Day.
A 1st Degree Witch is bound by the rules of SHARE LITTLE, TEACH NONE or, in other words, to keep one’s own counsel in most things, and is still bound by the commitment TO NOT CHARGE FOR ANY ACTS OF MAGICK. When you have completed the requirements of the 1st Degree Witch including another time period of A Year and A Day, and if you have continued your magickal education with dedication and love, you have earned the right to be initiated as a 2nd Degree Witch. Your High Priestess/Priest will probably test you to deem if you are worthy of this initiation. This is a significant step and therefore may require a longer length of time than before.
3. 2ND DEGREE PRIESTESS/PRIEST. Red Ceremonial Robes, accented with the colored sashes of the Sabbats. At the 2nd Degree Initiation, you earn the title of Priestess or Priest and you will have the education and practical experience to start teaching the knowledge you have gathered. A word to the wise, teach only those who ask for knowledge. There is no proselytizing in this faith. The 2nd Degree, as before, requires the minimum of A Year and A Day. This is a particularly full year since as a Priestess/Priest begins the process of training to be clergy. This is the year to offer one’s self in service, to care for the Natural World including all creatures living on Her, and most importantly to offer service to your chosen Elders. By assisting with their magickal work, through gathering, planning and labor, you will gain the skills to be a High Priestess/Priest. Not only is this a title of respect, it represents a solemn position of service to the community.
During this initiation, the 2nd Degree is gifted a braided belt of black, white and red symbolizing the integration of the Goddess and the God and the light and shadow selves, united for power and for the betterment of self and community. Wear the Triad Belt at each and every ceremony in which you take part for the duration of your 2nd Degree.
You will be bound by the rules of TEACH ALL WHO ASK, WITHOUT CAUSING HARM OF ANY KIND and DO NOT PROSELYTIZE THE FAITH. A Priestess/Priest is still bound by the rules of not charging for acts of magick and cannot initiate others into the Craft until reaching a 3rd Degree status.
4. 3RD DEGREE HIGH PRIESTESS/PRIEST. Purple Ceremonial Robes, accented with the colored sashes of the Sabbats. At this point, you will have earned the title of High Priestess or High Priest, which entitles you to claim the responsibilities of Lady or Lord of a Circle. These responsibilities may be open to election (if a democratically run Coven), or you may choose to begin your own Circle and become its Lady or Lord. This 3rd Degree period is the reality test for the Working Witch. As clergy and leader, you will be entitled to respect, but only if it is earned. The 3rd Degree must be willing to counsel people in distress, to be available for birthing dedications (Wiccanings), weddings (Handfastings), funerals, Rites of Passage, initiations, and to act as a substitute Facilitator and caretaker of the community. This job is not for the faint of heart and, in some Covens, it is a post with a time limit. Burnout is prevalent, as there will always be something more to do. Many do not realize that it truly is hard work being a Pagan. However, the position of a 3rd Degree can also be the most fulfilling job that one may ever have. It is the opportunity to put faith into action. The 3rd Degree has the unique opportunity to teach students on a long term basis, to lead others in the community through their own life experiences, and to work side-by-side with other Witches observing the success of a spell cast with their help, passion and power, sharing sacred space in the Circle.
During this initiation the 3rd Degree will be gifted a full-sized Sword. This special spiritual tool represents hard-earned power and the ability to work between the worlds. This Sword will be used in all initiation rites and in special Circle castings throughout the remaining days of this life. It is the symbol of the 3rd Degree rank and can only be taken away by the Divine themselves or by a body of Elders rallied for that purpose. A 3rd Degree must use this power wisely, “Live by the Sword, die by the Sword!”
The 3rd Degree is bound by all the basic tenets of the faith, with conscience as a guide. When one wields much, one can lose much. This is the time in life when personal conscience is one’s own toughest guide and judge.
5. ELDER. Rainbow Ceremonial Robes or Black Robes accented with sashes or vests to honor the Sabbats during the dark times of the Natural Year or White Robes accented in the same fashion during the light times of the Natural Year. After serving as Lady or Lord of a Circle successfully for the minimum of A Year and A Day, you will have earned the status of Eldership, if you decide to step down from the duties of High Priestess or Priest. Eldership is measured in deeds of service rather than age, but when combined with age, the makings of a Sage are birthed. As in all other Degrees rank is earned, not blindly conveyed. Some people are not comfortable with Eldership, since one of the jobs is to act as judge and jury. Others find this destiny at an early age for they have always desired to use power fairly. Often Ladies and Lords forego Eldership until they reach 65 when they step down from their duties as 3rd Degrees. There can be a natural conflict between the two: to be a good leader one must have the skill of discernment; to be a good judge one must have impartiality.
During the initiation, the Elder will be gifted a cup made of silver. This will complete your set of the 5 Sacred Tools of the Red Witch Tradition:
1. Craft Practitioner: The Silver Pentacle
(Earth, North, the Goddess, Ace of Pentacles)
2. 1st Degree: The Broom
(Fire, South, the God, Ace of Wands)
3. 2nd Degree: The Triad Belt
(the Center, Spirit, Working Between the Worlds)
4. 3rd Degree: The Sword
(Air, East, Ace of Swords)
5. Elder: The Silver Cup
(Water, West, Ace of Cups) The Cup symbolizes a direct communication link to other worlds. The user becomes a living Oracle, not needing any other tools to speak with the Divine, also called “The Holy Grail of Immortality”.
All five sacred tools together form the Medicine Wheel of the Red Witch Tradition, an adaptation of the Equal-Armed Cross. It is used as a tool of spiritual purification and protection.

CELEBRATING THE CYCLES OF THE NATURAL WORLD IN
THE RED WITCH TRADITION

Each day becomes a day of worship when living a magickal life based on Purity of Intent. A definition of worship is “A set of ceremonies, prayers, or other religious forms by which reverent love is expressed.” Since everyday is greeted with respect and desire to feel as an integral part of one’s surroundings, such feelings are intensified by the constantly changing cycles of the Natural World.
The two basic divisions of worship in this tradition, and most other nature-based religion, is Lunar (the relationship between the Earth and The Moon) and Solar (the relationship between the Earth and The Sun).
THE ESBATS
The connection between the Earth and The Moon is profound. The movements of The Moon regulate ocean tides, effect growth cycles of plants and some believe that human emotions fluctuate like ocean tides, caught in the pull of La Luna. The Moon has a complete cycle lasting approximately twenty-eight days, from New Moon to New Moon. The New Moon is a time to begin new projects, plant crops, cut hair (if you want it to grow quickly) and to bring new people or energy into one’s life. This is “invoking” time, when The Moon is waxing or growing larger in the sky.
The waxing of The Moon climaxes when it is full. This is when The Moon is at its apex of power, the Earth is aglow with intense silvery light. The Full Moon marks “banishing” time of the Moon Cycle, when all unwanted people, complications and energies are released back into the Universe. It is a magickal time of transformation and insight when we “Draw Down The Moon”, harness the great light of The Moon for the purposes of self-development and enrichment. This begins the waning or the growing smaller of The Moon as it appears in the sky. Right before The Moon becomes new and begins the cycle all over again, it enters a phase called the Dark Moon, when banishing energy is at its strongest.
Since The Moon travels in twenty-eight day cycles, and since our calendar month has thirty or thirty-one days in it, thirteen Full Moons a year are not uncommon.
The Esbats are important work times for any practitioner of magick. They are meant as windows of opportunity, times to roll up sleeves and tackle difficult situations. The ritual approach for Esbat worship is personal, not community oriented. These are times that intensely private work is performed, individual goals are to be reached and wishes manifested. Would you enjoy the next door neighbor to be privy to your personal bank account, or sex life? I know I would not. That is why Esbat Circles are usually exclusive and private gatherings in this tradition.
THE SABBATS
The Natural Year is divided into eight equal sections, representing the movement of The Sun. Imagine the year like a wagon wheel, with eight spokes held together by a center point. This wheel turns in a clockwise fashion, imitating The Sun’s movement through the sky. Each spoke of the wheel represents a Sabbat, beginning with North and ending in the North. The Sabbats of the Red Witch Tradition are loosely based on the ancient European Solar Festivals, celebrated by Celtic, Germanic and Norse tribal peoples.
1. YULE (Winter Solstice) December 20-23
This is the shortest day and the longest night of the year. Although it signifies Winter in its full glory, Yule also represents the rebirth of The Sun since light increases the very next day.
2. IMBOLC (& The Feast of Brigid) February 1 and/or 2
Imbolc is the first holiday of Spring when the seed reawakens, signaled by the longer periods of light. It is also the Celebration of the 3-Fold Goddess Brigid. She rules healing, fire-craft and poetry. In addition, this is the day when young women and men prepare for their Rite of Passage into adulthood, celebrated at Beltane.
3. OSTARA (Vernal Equinox) March 20-23
Day and night are in complete balance on Ostara. It is the celebration of welcoming the light time of the year when fertility blooms and harvest awaits us. The Female and Male energies are completely equal in the universe. This is a time of the purification of the soul.
4. BELTANE May 1
Beltane celebrates fertility and growth, when the Goddess takes the God as Her consort. This is the ultimate of wedding days, complete with blooming trees and spring flowers. Rites of Passage are held on this day when young women and men make their long walk into adulthood.
5. LITHA (Midsummer, Summer Solstice) June 20-23
This is the longest day and the shortest night. Summer is in full bloom, the seed has successfully formed and is maturing. It is a time to ask for great blessings for the family and the community.
6. LUGHNASSADH (Lammas) August 1
The seed has matured and the 1st Harvest is celebrated. Lughnassadh marks a time of great learning and illumination; the hardships of winter have passed, the planting was successful and the harvest has begun.
7. MABON (Autumnal Equinox) September 20-23
Night and day are completely equal and balanced again for Mabon. This holiday welcomes the dark time of year when our energies are turned inside. It is the 2nd Harvest.
8. SAMHAIN (Old Hallows Eve, Day of the Dead) October 31 and/or November 1
Samhain is the celebration of the Final Harvest. During this time the Veil between the living and the dead is the thinnest and is briefly lifted, revealing the wisdom of our ancestors. It is the Witches’ New Year.

In the Red Witch Tradition, the Sabbats are viewed as “Occasions of Power”. They blend many tribal belief systems and my own “vision”. Throughout my years of being a Working Witch, many memories of bygone days have replayed in my mind. Many I have simply dismissed as wishful thinking, reactions to stress, fears or phobias or reactions to material that I have read, heard or viewed; while others lingered and grown in complexity, pulling me deeper into research, instilling a longing to reenact them as closely as they have appeared to me.
In the act of psychic journeying , sometimes there are no divisions of time. Ancient times can appear as the present, while the future can appear to be the past. For this reason, I cannot say that my Sabbat Rituals are based solely on any one particular time period or tribal group, though they are extensions of me, the many facets of me. The “Visions” are completely from my soul memory however, lived and fully experienced by me then and written about by me now; 1400 years and a ½ a world away. Herstory, my herstory, has been my guide and reason for writing this book. The Divine Feminine is rising again; read this book and you will find Her waiting for you in the pages, sparking your own memories, inspiring fantasies of times yet to come.
I believe that I have incorporated, first subconsciously, the rich oak filled valley of my early southern Californian childhood and the encounters with the Natural World in that time period. It is possible to say that we create our own destiny. Seeing intricate rituals for specific purposes in the dreamstate and in meditation and recreating them in the waking state, I have made my dreams come true. The ancient High Holidays of Europe or the Witch’s Sabbats have been incorporated because they have been created for good reason and according to my belief system of respecting the old ways and the Old Ones, they deserve to be honored for their appropriateness. In doing so, some explanations of the Sabbats are excepted by mainstream Paganism, while others are purely my own and might be considered to be unsuitable for a particular Sabbat. But I have made every attempt to clarify the reasons for particular rites and practices in the fourth section of this book, “A Facilitator’s Guide”.
The Eight Sabbats are divided into two sections, the Quarters and the Cross-Quarters. The Quarters mark The Sun’s movement through the four seasons, the equinoxes and solstices, which are flexible dates depending on celestial motion. The Cross-Quarters mark the reaction of the life cycles of the Natural World to the changed seasons and are fixed dates.
RULED BY THE GOD RULED BY THE GODDESS
1. YULE = The Winter Solstice 2. IMBOLC = The Reawakening
of the Seed
3. OSTARA = The Vernal Equinox 4. BELTANE = The Planting
5. LITHA = The Summer Solstice 6. LUGHNASSADH = The First
Harvest
7. MABON = The Autumnal Equinox 8. SAMHAIN = The Third Harvest
(The Second Harvest)

The Quarters, which are ruled by the God, are active in character, intensifying the
actions of the group mind. The Cross-Quarters, which are ruled by the Goddess, are
highly personal and introspective and designate specific emotional journeys or initiations
taken by the magickal practitioner.
1. YULE = The Rebirthing Rite
2. IMBOLC = The Dedication Rite
3. OSTARA = The Purification Rite
4. BELTANE = The Pledging Rite
5. LITHA = The Blessing Rite
6. LUGHNASSADH = The Initiation Rite
7. MABON = The Harvest Rite
8. SAMHAIN = The Death & Transformation Rite

It is safe to assume that I do not want to reinvent the “wheel” and have not the inclination or desire to develop exotic traditions solely based on location. But I do desire to bring you, the reader and seeker, a glimmer of what excites and stimulates me, as a Working Witch and creative individual, in the Natural World. We are all, as members of the large world body of creatures, indelibly linked to the breath of the Great Mother, the Earth. Her cycles, complex and varied, are our own. There is no separation between us; we are Her children, women and men.
If you live in the Southern Hemisphere, you might be inclined to rotate the Sabbats, since your climatic year opposes that of Europe’s. This is but an example of the flexibility of a system that is not autocratic. You will, indubitably, bring your own roots to this tradition, if it speaks to your heart. That is the beauty of working with the cycles of the Natural World, history changes depending on who is writing it and religion changes depending on the need of the worshiper. This tradition does offer the seeker of Nature Religion a home in which a niche can be created without causing sorrow or derision. A life filled with harmony is what inspires humankind to move forward and stimulates the blessed coming of a new generation.

Reading List
FICTION:
The Forest House by Marion Zimmer Bradley. ROC, Penguin Group, 1995.

NON-FICTION:
Rebirth of the Goddess, Finding Meaning in Feminist Spirituality by Carol P. Christ
Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc., 1997.
Wicca, A Guide for the Solitary Practitioner by Scott Cunningham. Llewellyn Publications, 1989.